Sex Trafficking2001
Ghana GH
The practice of ritual or customary servitude was outlawed in Ghana in 1998, but no one has ever been prosecuted under the law. Rather, the practical implementation of the law has fallen largely to NGO's who have facilitated the shrines in ending the practice. Two NGO's, Every Child Ministries Ghana and International Needs Ghana negotiated with the Gborble shrine and educated them as to the issues over a span of over a year, finally winning the approval of the shrine for the liberation of all its trokosi slaves on January 31, 2003. The liberation was a public event in which the shrine freed the slaves and agreed to end the practice of ritual servitude in that place. In this case a 42 year old woman was liberated who had been enslaved for 32 years, since she was ten years old. She did not know the reason at the time, but her mother later told her that her grandfather was burning some rubbish, the wind shifted, and the neighbor’s thatch roof hut caught on fire. The neighbor went to the shrine and invoked the intervention of the Dzoli god, which is reported to have caused several deaths in the family. The family believed that the only way to stop the deaths was to atone for the accident by sending a young virgin girl to become a slave of the Dzoli god. The victim reports that there were eight other young slave girls in the shrine. She was made to work the priest’s farm with a short-handled hoe, gather firewood, carry water from the river, and carry big pots on her head. Two children were born to her as a result of being raped regularly by the priest. Her story came out in the liberation process.
Sex Trafficking2001
United States US
The convictions are the result of a coordinated effort of the Trafficking In Persons and Worker Exploitation Task Force, an interagency effort that brings together different agencies to combat the problem of trafficking in persons and modern-day slavery in the United States. The case, which was investigated jointly by the INS, FBI, and the Anchorage Police Department, was prosecuted by the Criminal Section of the Department of Justice's Civil Rights Division and the U.S. Attorney's Office for the District of Alaska (DOJ). If yes, in what way and with what result? U.S. vs. Virchenko was the first case to be decided under the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA). Additionally, the Department of Justice expanded the definition of commercial sexual service of a minor to include not only “a commercial sexual activity,” but also a “sexually explicit performance” (Mattar).
Sex Trafficking2001
United States US
Federal agents arrested the dance instructor Monday as he tried to fly back to Russia with three of the women. Agents arrested Kennard, of Chugiak, on Tuesday for his part in the alleged fraud, including a felony count of aiding and abetting preparation of false visa applications. Both were jailed.
Sex Trafficking2001
United States US
On November 24, 1999, Reddy and a group of his employees were spotted carrying the unconscious body of a 17-year-old girl into a van, and trying to force an 18-year-old girl in as well. Marcia Poole, a passing motorist, stopped the kidnapping and alerted the police who came to the scene, but Reddy managed to resolve the situation, by claiming that the unconscious girl was the daughter of one of his employees. The 17-year-old and her 15-year-old sister, who had been lying in a nearby stairwell, had suffered carbon monoxide poisoning in a Reddy-owned apartment and were taken to nearby Alta Bates hospital, where the 17-year-old was pronounced dead. The police accepted Reddy's explanation of an accidental death, but the Berkeley High Jacket, the student newspaper of nearby Berkeley High School, found it odd that the girls had not been attending school. Reporters Megan Greenwell and Iliana Montauk dug into the case and broke the story, exposing a web of criminal activity. Reddy had been exploiting the H-1B visa system for years to traffick poor Indian workers into the country as forced laborers. He brought in over 20 immigrants on the H-1B program, claiming that they were computer programmers. In many cases, he had the workers petition to bring in other trafficked workers into the US, claiming that they were family, and backing up the claims with falsified documents. The trafficked workers were generally made to work in Reddy's restaurants and apartment buildings. The two girls, supposed "daughters" of one of Reddy's "programmers," were not only forced to clean Reddy's buildings, but were also his underaged sex slaves. Reddy was sentenced to eight years in prison, required to repay US$2 million dollars, and will be a registered sex offender upon his release. Two of his sons received lesser sentences for conspiracy to defraud the INS as part of plea agreements. Reddy was released April 2, 2008.[1] The Reddy family currently operates numerous apartment complexes in the Berkeley area under the names Reddy Realty and Everest Properties, as well as the Pasand restaurants in Berkeley and Santa Clara.
Sex Trafficking2001
United States US
Nantawat Naovasairi was sentenced to 17.5 years in prison for recruiting and transporting Thai females to the US and attempting to murder and FBI agent. Naree Hanlert was sentenced to 12 months in prison and three years supervised release for conspiracy to smuggle undocumented foreign nationals to the country. Ratiporn Tantirojankikan was sentenced to 17 months in prison and two year supervised release. Two other suspects remain fugitives.
Sex Trafficking2001
Ghana GH
The practice of ritual or customary servitude was outlawed in Ghana in 1998, but no one has ever been prosecuted under the law. Rather, the practical implementation of the law has fallen largely to NGO's who have facilitated the shrines in ending the practice. Two NGO's, Every Child Ministries Ghana and International Needs Ghana negotiated with the Gborble shrine and educated them as to the issues over a span of over a year, finally winning the approval of the shrine for the liberation of all its trokosi slaves on January 31, 2003. The liberation was a public event in which the shrine freed the slaves and agreed to end the practice of ritual servitude in that place. In this case a 70 year old woman was sent into shrine slavery when she was too young to remember her age, and spent most of her life in servitude. She was later told that her grandfather had got into a quarrel with someone over a palm plantation, and the other party had cursed their family at the shrine. When family members died, it was believed that they needed to present a young virgin girl to atone for the grandfather’s crime by living a life of slavery. The victim was not the only very young girl at the shrine. Three others of her age range were there at the same time. Her duties included sweeping the compound, gathering firewood from the forest, selling firewood at the market, and working the priest’s farm with a short-handled hoe. The priest received all the money and all the crop. The victim was plagued by hunger, so she sometimes picked unripe mangoes and hid them under leaves in the forest until they ripened. She was very angry at her family for sending her into servitude. After many years of enslavement in the shrine she was given partial release, but this arrangement did not end her slavery. The shrine still controlled who she married and where she lived and travelled, and she was fined for the least mistake and required to attend the annual festival every year and to bring sacrifices so expensive that getting them together still dominated her life all year long. This victim was one of 264 who were liberated that day along with their children (a joint liberation involving three shrines of which Dzoli was one).
Sex Trafficking2001
Ghana GH
Gborble traditional shrine priestess and shrine owners enslaved young virgin girls in a practice commonly called trokosi. The government of Ghana calls it ritual or customary servitude. The practice involves both sexual abuse and manual labor and the movement of the girls was strictly controlled by the shrine. The Gborble shrine priest and owners liberated their trokosi slaves on January 31, 2009 and signed a public agreement that the practice of slavery was ended in that place and that they would take in no more slaves. The shrine is located in a group of mud and thatch houses, where the girls were kept in crowded quarters with nothing but a floor to lie on. In this case a 25 year old woman was liberated who had been enslaved by the Gborble shrine since she was six years old—a total of 19 years. She later learned she was there because her grandfather had quarreled over a piece of land and the other party cursed the family at the shrine. When family members later died, it was blamed on this curse. The only way to lift the curse, it was thought, was to give a virgin girl of the family to serve as a shrine slave. At the shrine, she had to keep a big clay waterpot full by carrying water from the river. If it was ever found not full, she would receive no food that day. The victim was very lonely since her family never visited her. She had to work even when she was sick, and felt that no one cared about her. She says it is such a joy to be able to make her own choices now that she has come out of such a cruel system.
Sex Trafficking2001
Ghana GH
Gborble traditional shrine priestess and shrine owners enslaved young virgin girls in a practice commonly called trokosi. The government of Ghana calls it ritual or customary servitude. The practice involves both sexual abuse and manual labor and the movement of the girls was strictly controlled by the shrine. The Gborble shrine priest and owners liberated their trokosi slaves on January 31, 2009 and signed a public agreement that the practice of slavery was ended in that place and that they would take in no more slaves. The shrine is located in a group of mud and thatch houses, where the girls were kept in crowded quarters with nothing but a floor to lie on. In this case a 26 year old woman was freed who had been taken into slavery when she was only three years old, left in the care of the older slaves at the shrine. When the victim’ss father and other members of the family died, they inquired at the shrine as to the cause. The priestess informed them that the grandfather had sex with another trokosi slave, and that to make atonement for that misdeed, a young virgin girl would be required from the family to become a shrine slave. She was held at the shrine for five years before she was even permitted to visit home. Her duties included sweeping the compound, gathering heavy firewood from the forest, and ploughing the fields for the priest’s farm with a short-handled hoe. As a trokosi slave, she was forced to go barefoot and was denied education. She often cried when she was other girls wearing normal clothing and going to school.
Sex Trafficking2001
Ghana GH
The practice of ritual or customary servitude was outlawed in Ghana in 1998, but no one has ever been prosecuted under the law. Rather, the practical implementation of the law has fallen largely to NGO's who have facilitated the shrines in ending the practice. Two NGO's, Every Child Ministries Ghana and International Needs Ghana negotiated with the Gborble shrine and educated them as to the issues over a span of over a year, finally winning the approval of the shrine for the liberation of all its trokosi slaves on January 31, 2003. The liberation was a public event in which the shrine freed the slaves and agreed to end the practice of ritual servitude in that place. In this case a 50 year old woman was freed who had been slaved for 43 years, since was was seven years old. She was later told her captivity was because her father had sex with another shrine slave. The victim remembers that during her initiation she was dipped into cold water containing smelly herbs, her head was shaved, she was given a rope that she had to wear around her neck to show she belonged to the shrine, and she had to go through a ritual dance. After many years of enslavement in the shrine she was given partial release, but this arrangement did not end her slavery. The shrine still controlled who she married and where she lived and travelled, and she was fined for the least mistake and required to attend the annual festival every year and to bring sacrifices so expensive that getting them together still dominated her life all year long.
Sex Trafficking2001
United States US
Jermaine Carlos Diaz, 23, trafficked young girls from his hometown of Fort Smith,AR to Houston, TX for the purpose of prostitution.
Sex Trafficking2001
United States US
In 2002, the United States District Court in the District of New Jersey indicted traffickers with: - 1 count Conspiracy - 5 counts of Forced Labor - 5 counts of Trafficking with Respect to Forced Labor - 1 count of Conspiracy to Commit Extortion The following law enforcement agencies were involved in the investigation and prosecution of this incident: - Special Agents of the FBI, under the direction of Special Agency in Charge Leslie Wiser, Jr. - Investigators with the State Division of Criminal Justice, under the direction of New Jersey Attorney General Peter Harvey - Special Agents of Immigration and Customs Enforcement, under the direction of Special Agent in Charge Kyle Hutchins - U.S. Attorney’s Office in the Southern District of New York, under the direction of U.S. Attorney Michael J. Garcia - Assistant U.S. Attorney Leslie F. Schwartz, of the Criminal Division’s Strike Force Unit in Newark - Assistant U.S. Attorney Melissa Jampol, of the Violent Crimes Unit in Newark
Sex Trafficking2000
United States US
Federal investigators looked into a smuggling ring that brought Eastern European immigrants to KY and other states to work at hotels using fake documents. Hotels in Lexington, Fort Mitchell, and Louisville were targeted. Many workers disappeared after the raids by immigration agents. At four hotels workers had not been paid for at least a month by the contracting agency. Additional information about the intervention has not been released.
Sex Trafficking2000
Australia AU
Gary Glazner ran topless bars in Melbourne before branching out into brothels. He recruited 20- 40 women in Thailand and brought them to Sydney. He forced them to perform up to 500 "jobs" before they had "paid him back," and then kept them under contract for a further 12 months. He kept them locked in the brothel and kept their passports so they did not have a chance of escaping.
Sex Trafficking1999
South Sudan SS
Abuk Acueri Yei was kidnapped from her village along with her daughter. The two were split up and Abuk was taken to live with Mohammed. The slave owners tried to make Abuk into a Muslim, going so far as to performing ritual mutilation on Abuk's genitals in the process. At Mohammed and Howeya's home, Abuk was saddled with a host of intensive labor positions including housework and cultivation. She was forced to sleep outside with the livestock. Despite his marriage to Howeya, Mohammed would rape Abuk on many nights, beating her severely if she resisted his amorous behavior. Note: All of the above information is a synopsis of the passages related to this slave in the book "To Plead Our Own Cause" by Kevin Bales and Zoe Trodd. Book published 2008 by Cornell University Press.
Sex Trafficking1999
United States US
Berkeley landlord and restaurateur Lakireddy Bali Reddy trafficked girls and women from low-caste villages in India on fraudulent visas, forcing them into labor and sexual servitude. The scheme was exposed when 17-year-old Chanti Prattipati and her 15-year-old sister were found unconscious from carbon monoxide poisoning in a Reddy-owned apartment; Reddy attempted to move the girls' bodies rather than call for help. This case is profiled in David Batstone's founding book "Not For Sale" and directly inspired the launch of the Not For Sale Campaign. Accused: Lakireddy Bali Reddy, owner of Pasand Restaurant and over 1,000 rental properties in Berkeley.
Sex Trafficking1999
Sudan SD
The young woman victim was visiting her younger sister's home near Warawar when she was captured. It during the dry season. The soldiers came early in the morning. Everyone was asleep. Her sister and her woke up with the sound of gunfire. They ran out of her tukul hut as fast as they could. But they did not get very far. They were surrounded. There were a lot of Arab soldiers all around them. Some wore uniforms, others wore jellabeyas. They had come at night on camels and horses. Six soldiers grabbed the victim. She struggled with them and tried to get away. But they beat her with a big stick. She had to submit. Scars on her back are still visible from the wound she received during the beating. They tied her hands together with a rope and led her away to the bush. They raped her in the bush, one after the other, all six of them. After that, she had to walk beyond the River Kiir with the other slaves. Her hands were tied to a long rope. Her sister was tied to it too. Along the way they were beaten and raped. They walked for four days. Then they reached a place where the soldiers divided them and the cows and goats amongst themselves. She was given to a slavmaster, and her sister was given to another. The victim's slavemaster was a good friend of the leader of the raiders. He had a body guard and was responsible for distributing slaves and cattle amongst the PDF. This meant that he was away from home a lot. He took the victim to his home in Gos, Sudan, where she had to do housework for his wife, an Arab woman who frequently hit the victim with a big stick, even when she was ill, and made her sleep outside in the courtyard, where there was no shelter over her head. Only when it rained did she let the victim sleep in the covered cattle pen. Sometimes the slavemaster would come to the victim at night, and take me to the cattle pen for sex. Whenever the wife discovered that her husband was missing at night, she would give the victim a good beating on the next day because her husband had come to her. The victim gave birth to the slavemaster's baby, who was seven months old at the time of her liberation. The slave master called him Ahmed, a very common Arab name, but the mother called him another name. The worst part about being with the slavemaster and his wife were their threats to kill the victim. Whenever they told her to get water from a far place, or do some other hard labor, they would say that they would cut her throat if I didn't obey. The master would threaten her like this when he wanted to have sex with her. The victim's sister's throat was cut by her master. The master's children told the victim they saw her sister's body when they were going to the well. They said she had tried to escape, but was caught. The victim was so afraid, she thought she had to get away from there. She knew that the master loved his child by her and would never let him go, so she wanted to escape with him. One day, she was told by a woman who was cultivating in the fields that a trader was looking for slaves to return to their homes. She decided to escape and ran with the child to the forest. There she came across a Dinka man who took care of her and helped her get home again. She likes hearing her own name again. She also like it because no one calls her 'abid' (slave) or 'jongei' (nigger) anymore.
Sex Trafficking1999
United States US
Junk Won Hwang, age 29, has been smuggling roughly 20 illegal immigrants a month to the US through Canada. He entered the country illegally in 1990 and was deported in 1999. He has since been cooperating with authorities to crack down on human trafficking between the US, Canada, and Korea.
Sex Trafficking1998
United States US
1. Alex Mishulovich, male, approx. 40 years old at time of investigation, a naturalized U.S. citizen originally from Russia. Trafficked at least five Latvian women into the U.S. to dance as strippers in nightclubs he owned in Chicago. Also held the women in isolation in an apartment, continually harassed them for sex, and used physical violence and threats of selling them as prostitutes to force the women to strip. 2. Rudite Pede, female, Mishulovich's wife - Entered U.S. from Latvia by fraud. Assisted Mishulovich in obtaining false visas for the trafficked women and recruiting the women in Latvia. 3. Vadim Gorr - male, 35. Drove the women between their apartment and the clubs and assisted Mishulovich in holding them against their will. 4. Dace Mediniece - female, 26. Friend of Rudite. Assisted Rudite in entering U.S. illegally and entered illegally herself. 5. Sergei Tcharouchine - male, 42. Allegedly planned the ring with Mishulovich. Remains at large.
Sex Trafficking1998
United States US
Alex Mishulovich Male Age – 50 Charged with visa fraud, peonage - keeping someone in servitude- and conspiracy to commit peonage Served 9 years and was released on 11/30/2006 Vadim Gorr Drove the women to their jobs and held them against their wills. Charged with Visa Fraud and has since been released on Parole Rudite Pede Female Age- 34 Mishulovich's wife and helped recruit some of the women in Latvia, assuring them the way only a woman could that they'd be safe and the work was respectable. Released from prison 6/11/1999 The girls were given movies to watch -- "Showgirls'' and "Striptease'' -- to learn how to dance exotically. Associates exerted control over the women by demeaning them, telling them they'd committed a crime coming into the country, that his U.S. citizenship gave him more credibility with police. He exerted control over the women by beating them and bragging about supposed connections to the Chechen mafia. Mishulovich promised each of the women more than $60,000 a year. All they had to do was dance in "upscale" nightclubs completely clothed, lie at the embassy about their purpose for traveling to the United States, and hand over half of their earnings until they paid off their transportation debts. When they arrived in Chicago in November 1997, they were told they would be dancing topless. Their identification papers were taken and they were required to give all but $20 of the $200 to $600 they made nightly to Mishulovich. "He inflated the costs and kept building their debt," explains FBI Special Agent Michael E. Brown. "He told them he needed the money to pay living expenses and bribes to police and politicians." Chicago, IL – Chicago Nightclubs - Admiral, Heavenly Bodies, Thee Dollhouse, Skybox and Crazy Horse 2 Alexander Mishulovich and his associates approached five young women on the streets of Riga, Latvia with flattery and an offer of employment in the United States The women were not allowed to leave the one-bedroom apartment Mishulovich had rented in suburban Mt. Prospect, Illinois, except to work at various strip clubs in Chicago and Harvey, Illinois.
Sex Trafficking1998
Canada CA
Isra, originally from Thailand, was a victim of sex trafficking and debt peonage, having been sold to a Toronto massage parlor owner for between $16,000 and $25,000 Canadian. Before any of the girls could start making a wage, they had to repay what amounted to nearly double their purchase fee - the reality of which is that most victims would have to service more than 500 men to just pay off their debts to the slave owners. Isra had a considerable debt to repay and was sold and bought multiple times by brothel owners in Toronto proper, Sheppard and Mississauga. She was forced to work a great deal but did not feel she had a way out because she owed her owners so much money. She was forced to take on many customers each day. Note: All of the above information is a synopsis of the passages related to this slave in the book "To Plead Our Own Cause" by Kevin Bales and Zoe Trodd. Book published 2008 by Cornell University Press.
Sex Trafficking1996
United States US
Yes - This raid happened in 1996, long before the law enforcement knew what human trafficking was. The women who were being prostituted from this house ranged from ages 19-25. They were from Thailand, Taiwan and Laos. Four of the women were in the US illegally. Police also said the women worked as prostitutes as part of a ring that operated in Sacramento, LA, and Oklahoma.
Sex Trafficking1996
United States US
As a part of an effort to decrease human trafficking in San Mateo the San Mateo police force shut down three "massage parlors" that were acting as fronts for illegal brothels. The buildings were owned by Michael and Ty Thi D'Agostino and the D'Agostino Family Trust. Over the past several years, police said they made 12 arrests for prostitution at Kahala, eight at Asian Gardens and 14 at Bay Relaxation. At a raid of the businesses in January, police said they found stacks of condoms, sent customers and employees scurrying for clothing and broke up a sex act.
Sex Trafficking1996
United States US
Julio, Tomas and Luciano Salazar. From Mexico. Ran the largest prostitution ring in the county using underage girls smuggled from Mexico. They were forced to service migrant workers in agriculture camps, among other things. Stopwatches were uses to time their "Clients". Girls with children had their children taken and used as hostages. They were told their child would be killed if they tried to escape.
Sex Trafficking1990
Serbia RS
The traffickers involved in the following case are a part of a ring of trafficking in the "Balkan Trail." These smugglers are Albanian Mafiosi who use the Adriatic Sea to transport drugs, weapons, and human cargo illegally across borders. Nadia was initially recruited to work in a restaurant in Italy to make some extra money to send back to her family for the education of her son. She was identified as a worthy candidate for enforced prostitution and was forced to perform in various countries for various pimps. She and the fellow victims were raped repeatedly, in some cases even by local law enforcement. As a fluke event, while she was being transported to a new owner traveling to Italy, her boat capsized and she was able to get away from her captors.